The Win32_MemoryDevice WMI class represents the properties of a computer system memory device and its associated mapped addresses.
Methods
Win32_MemoryDevice has no methods. Inherited methods (Reset and SetPowerState) are not implemented.
Properties
Win32_MemoryDevice returns 39 properties:
'Access','AdditionalErrorData','Availability','BlockSize','Caption',
'ConfigManagerErrorCode','ConfigManagerUserConfig','CorrectableError','CreationClassName','Description',
'DeviceID','EndingAddress','ErrorAccess','ErrorAddress','ErrorCleared','ErrorData',
'ErrorDataOrder','ErrorDescription','ErrorGranularity','ErrorInfo','ErrorMethodology',
'ErrorResolution','ErrorTime','ErrorTransferSize','InstallDate','LastErrorCode','Name','NumberOfBlocks',
'OtherErrorDescription','PNPDeviceID','PowerManagementCapabilities','PowerManagementSupported','Purpose',
'StartingAddress','Status','StatusInfo','SystemCreationClassName','SystemLevelAddress','SystemName'
Unless explicitly marked as writeable, all properties are read-only. Read all properties for all instances:
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice -Property *
Most WMI classes return one or more instances.
When
Get-CimInstancereturns no result, then apparently no instances of class Win32_MemoryDevice exist. This is normal behavior.Either the class is not implemented on your system (may be deprecated or due to missing drivers, i.e. CIM_VideoControllerResolution), or there are simply no physical representations of this class currently available (i.e. Win32_TapeDrive).
Access
Media access available.
Access returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$Access_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Readable'
2 = 'Writeable'
3 = 'Read/Write Supported'
4 = 'Write Once'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'Unknown'}
1 {'Readable'}
2 {'Writeable'}
3 {'Read/Write Supported'}
4 {'Write Once'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumAccess
{
Unknown = 0
Readable = 1
Writeable = 2
ReadWrite_Supported = 3
Write_Once = 4
}
Examples
Use $Access_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "Access" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "Access", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Access"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$Access_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Readable'
2 = 'Writeable'
3 = 'Read/Write Supported'
4 = 'Write Once'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "Access", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$Access = @{
Name = 'Access'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.Access
$Access_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "Access". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $Access:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $Access
# ...or dump content of property Access:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $Access |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty Access
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $Access_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$Access_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Readable'
2 = 'Writeable'
3 = 'Read/Write Supported'
4 = 'Write Once'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.Access
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $Access_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "Access" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "Access", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "Access", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$Access = @{
Name = 'Access'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.Access
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'Unknown'}
1 {'Readable'}
2 {'Writeable'}
3 {'Read/Write Supported'}
4 {'Write Once'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "Access". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $Access:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $Access
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumAccess
{
Unknown = 0
Readable = 1
Writeable = 2
ReadWrite_Supported = 3
Write_Once = 4
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.Access
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **Access**
[EnumAccess]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumAccess]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumAccess]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If Access returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
AdditionalErrorData
Array of additional error information. An example is Error Checking and Correcting (ECC) Syndrome, or the return of the check bits if a cyclical redundancy check (CRC) based error methodology is used. In the latter case, if a single-bit error is recognized and the CRC algorithm is known, it is possible to determine the exact bit that failed. This type of data (ECC Syndrome, Check Bit, Parity Bit data, or other vendor-supplied information) is included in this field. This property is used only when the ErrorInfo property is not equal to 3.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, AdditionalErrorData
Availability
Availability and status of the device.
Availability returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$Availability_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Running/Full Power'
4 = 'Warning'
5 = 'In Test'
6 = 'Not Applicable'
7 = 'Power Off'
8 = 'Off Line'
9 = 'Off Duty'
10 = 'Degraded'
11 = 'Not Installed'
12 = 'Install Error'
13 = 'Power Save - Unknown'
14 = 'Power Save - Low Power Mode'
15 = 'Power Save - Standby'
16 = 'Power Cycle'
17 = 'Power Save - Warning'
18 = 'Paused'
19 = 'Not Ready'
20 = 'Not Configured'
21 = 'Quiesced'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Running/Full Power'}
4 {'Warning'}
5 {'In Test'}
6 {'Not Applicable'}
7 {'Power Off'}
8 {'Off Line'}
9 {'Off Duty'}
10 {'Degraded'}
11 {'Not Installed'}
12 {'Install Error'}
13 {'Power Save - Unknown'}
14 {'Power Save - Low Power Mode'}
15 {'Power Save - Standby'}
16 {'Power Cycle'}
17 {'Power Save - Warning'}
18 {'Paused'}
19 {'Not Ready'}
20 {'Not Configured'}
21 {'Quiesced'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumAvailability
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
RunningFull_Power = 3
Warning = 4
In_Test = 5
Not_Applicable = 6
Power_Off = 7
Off_Line = 8
Off_Duty = 9
Degraded = 10
Not_Installed = 11
Install_Error = 12
Power_Save_Unknown = 13
Power_Save_Low_Power_Mode = 14
Power_Save_Standby = 15
Power_Cycle = 16
Power_Save_Warning = 17
Paused = 18
Not_Ready = 19
Not_Configured = 20
Quiesced = 21
}
Examples
Use $Availability_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "Availability" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "Availability", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Availability"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$Availability_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Running/Full Power'
4 = 'Warning'
5 = 'In Test'
6 = 'Not Applicable'
7 = 'Power Off'
8 = 'Off Line'
9 = 'Off Duty'
10 = 'Degraded'
11 = 'Not Installed'
12 = 'Install Error'
13 = 'Power Save - Unknown'
14 = 'Power Save - Low Power Mode'
15 = 'Power Save - Standby'
16 = 'Power Cycle'
17 = 'Power Save - Warning'
18 = 'Paused'
19 = 'Not Ready'
20 = 'Not Configured'
21 = 'Quiesced'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "Availability", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$Availability = @{
Name = 'Availability'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.Availability
$Availability_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "Availability". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $Availability:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $Availability
# ...or dump content of property Availability:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $Availability |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty Availability
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $Availability_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$Availability_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Running/Full Power'
4 = 'Warning'
5 = 'In Test'
6 = 'Not Applicable'
7 = 'Power Off'
8 = 'Off Line'
9 = 'Off Duty'
10 = 'Degraded'
11 = 'Not Installed'
12 = 'Install Error'
13 = 'Power Save - Unknown'
14 = 'Power Save - Low Power Mode'
15 = 'Power Save - Standby'
16 = 'Power Cycle'
17 = 'Power Save - Warning'
18 = 'Paused'
19 = 'Not Ready'
20 = 'Not Configured'
21 = 'Quiesced'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.Availability
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $Availability_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "Availability" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "Availability", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "Availability", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$Availability = @{
Name = 'Availability'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.Availability
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Running/Full Power'}
4 {'Warning'}
5 {'In Test'}
6 {'Not Applicable'}
7 {'Power Off'}
8 {'Off Line'}
9 {'Off Duty'}
10 {'Degraded'}
11 {'Not Installed'}
12 {'Install Error'}
13 {'Power Save - Unknown'}
14 {'Power Save - Low Power Mode'}
15 {'Power Save - Standby'}
16 {'Power Cycle'}
17 {'Power Save - Warning'}
18 {'Paused'}
19 {'Not Ready'}
20 {'Not Configured'}
21 {'Quiesced'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "Availability". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $Availability:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $Availability
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumAvailability
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
RunningFull_Power = 3
Warning = 4
In_Test = 5
Not_Applicable = 6
Power_Off = 7
Off_Line = 8
Off_Duty = 9
Degraded = 10
Not_Installed = 11
Install_Error = 12
Power_Save_Unknown = 13
Power_Save_Low_Power_Mode = 14
Power_Save_Standby = 15
Power_Cycle = 16
Power_Save_Warning = 17
Paused = 18
Not_Ready = 19
Not_Configured = 20
Quiesced = 21
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.Availability
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **Availability**
[EnumAvailability]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumAvailability]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumAvailability]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If Availability returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
BlockSize
Size in bytes of the blocks that form this storage extent. If unknown or if a block concept is not valid (for example, for aggregate extents, memory or logical disks), enter a 1.
For more information about using uint64 values in scripts, see Scripting in WMI.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, BlockSize
Caption
Short description of the object a one-line string.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, Caption
ConfigManagerErrorCode
Windows Configuration Manager error code.
ConfigManagerErrorCode returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$ConfigManagerErrorCode_map = @{
0 = 'This device is working properly.'
1 = 'This device is not configured correctly.'
2 = 'Windows cannot load the driver for this device.'
3 = 'The driver for this device might be corrupted, or your system may be running low on memory or other resources.'
4 = 'This device is not working properly. One of its drivers or your registry might be corrupted.'
5 = 'The driver for this device needs a resource that Windows cannot manage.'
6 = 'The boot configuration for this device conflicts with other devices.'
7 = 'Cannot filter.'
8 = 'The driver loader for the device is missing.'
9 = 'This device is not working properly because the controlling firmware is reporting the resources for the device incorrectly.'
10 = 'This device cannot start.'
11 = 'This device failed.'
12 = 'This device cannot find enough free resources that it can use.'
13 = 'Windows cannot verify this device''s resources.'
14 = 'This device cannot work properly until you restart your computer.'
15 = 'This device is not working properly because there is probably a re-enumeration problem.'
16 = 'Windows cannot identify all the resources this device uses.'
17 = 'This device is asking for an unknown resource type.'
18 = 'Reinstall the drivers for this device.'
19 = 'Failure using the VxD loader.'
20 = 'Your registry might be corrupted.'
21 = 'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that does not work, see your hardware documentation. Windows is removing this device.'
22 = 'This device is disabled.'
23 = 'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that doesn''t work, see your hardware documentation.'
24 = 'This device is not present, is not working properly, or does not have all its drivers installed.'
25 = 'Windows is still setting up this device.'
26 = 'Windows is still setting up this device.'
27 = 'This device does not have valid log configuration.'
28 = 'The drivers for this device are not installed.'
29 = 'This device is disabled because the firmware of the device did not give it the required resources.'
30 = 'This device is using an Interrupt Request (IRQ) resource that another device is using.'
31 = 'This device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device.'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'This device is working properly.'}
1 {'This device is not configured correctly.'}
2 {'Windows cannot load the driver for this device.'}
3 {'The driver for this device might be corrupted, or your system may be running low on memory or other resources.'}
4 {'This device is not working properly. One of its drivers or your registry might be corrupted.'}
5 {'The driver for this device needs a resource that Windows cannot manage.'}
6 {'The boot configuration for this device conflicts with other devices.'}
7 {'Cannot filter.'}
8 {'The driver loader for the device is missing.'}
9 {'This device is not working properly because the controlling firmware is reporting the resources for the device incorrectly.'}
10 {'This device cannot start.'}
11 {'This device failed.'}
12 {'This device cannot find enough free resources that it can use.'}
13 {'Windows cannot verify this device''s resources.'}
14 {'This device cannot work properly until you restart your computer.'}
15 {'This device is not working properly because there is probably a re-enumeration problem.'}
16 {'Windows cannot identify all the resources this device uses.'}
17 {'This device is asking for an unknown resource type.'}
18 {'Reinstall the drivers for this device.'}
19 {'Failure using the VxD loader.'}
20 {'Your registry might be corrupted.'}
21 {'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that does not work, see your hardware documentation. Windows is removing this device.'}
22 {'This device is disabled.'}
23 {'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that doesn''t work, see your hardware documentation.'}
24 {'This device is not present, is not working properly, or does not have all its drivers installed.'}
25 {'Windows is still setting up this device.'}
26 {'Windows is still setting up this device.'}
27 {'This device does not have valid log configuration.'}
28 {'The drivers for this device are not installed.'}
29 {'This device is disabled because the firmware of the device did not give it the required resources.'}
30 {'This device is using an Interrupt Request (IRQ) resource that another device is using.'}
31 {'This device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device.'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumConfigManagerErrorCode
{
This_device_is_working_properly = 0
This_device_is_not_configured_correctly = 1
Windows_cannot_load_the_driver_for_this_device = 2
The_driver_for_this_device_might_be_corrupted_or_your_system_may_be_running_low_on_memory_or_other_resources = 3
This_device_is_not_working_properly_One_of_its_drivers_or_your_registry_might_be_corrupted = 4
The_driver_for_this_device_needs_a_resource_that_Windows_cannot_manage = 5
The_boot_configuration_for_this_device_conflicts_with_other_devices = 6
Cannot_filter = 7
The_driver_loader_for_the_device_is_missing = 8
This_device_is_not_working_properly_because_the_controlling_firmware_is_reporting_the_resources_for_the_device_incorrectly = 9
This_device_cannot_start = 10
This_device_failed = 11
This_device_cannot_find_enough_free_resources_that_it_can_use = 12
Windows_cannot_verify_this_devices_resources = 13
This_device_cannot_work_properly_until_you_restart_your_computer = 14
This_device_is_not_working_properly_because_there_is_probably_a_re_enumeration_problem = 15
Windows_cannot_identify_all_the_resources_this_device_uses = 16
This_device_is_asking_for_an_unknown_resource_type = 17
Reinstall_the_drivers_for_this_device = 18
Failure_using_the_VxD_loader = 19
Your_registry_might_be_corrupted = 20
System_failure_Try_changing_the_driver_for_this_device_If_that_does_not_work_see_your_hardware_documentation_Windows_is_removing_this_device = 21
This_device_is_disabled = 22
System_failure_Try_changing_the_driver_for_this_device_If_that_doesnt_work_see_your_hardware_documentation = 23
This_device_is_not_present_is_not_working_properly_or_does_not_have_all_its_drivers_installed = 24
Windows_is_still_setting_up_this_device1 = 25
Windows_is_still_setting_up_this_device2 = 26
This_device_does_not_have_valid_log_configuration = 27
The_drivers_for_this_device_are_not_installed = 28
This_device_is_disabled_because_the_firmware_of_the_device_did_not_give_it_the_required_resources = 29
This_device_is_using_an_Interrupt_Request_IRQ_resource_that_another_device_is_using = 30
This_device_is_not_working_properly_because_Windows_cannot_load_the_drivers_required_for_this_device = 31
}
Examples
Use $ConfigManagerErrorCode_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "ConfigManagerErrorCode" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "ConfigManagerErrorCode", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "ConfigManagerErrorCode"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ConfigManagerErrorCode_map = @{
0 = 'This device is working properly.'
1 = 'This device is not configured correctly.'
2 = 'Windows cannot load the driver for this device.'
3 = 'The driver for this device might be corrupted, or your system may be running low on memory or other resources.'
4 = 'This device is not working properly. One of its drivers or your registry might be corrupted.'
5 = 'The driver for this device needs a resource that Windows cannot manage.'
6 = 'The boot configuration for this device conflicts with other devices.'
7 = 'Cannot filter.'
8 = 'The driver loader for the device is missing.'
9 = 'This device is not working properly because the controlling firmware is reporting the resources for the device incorrectly.'
10 = 'This device cannot start.'
11 = 'This device failed.'
12 = 'This device cannot find enough free resources that it can use.'
13 = 'Windows cannot verify this device''s resources.'
14 = 'This device cannot work properly until you restart your computer.'
15 = 'This device is not working properly because there is probably a re-enumeration problem.'
16 = 'Windows cannot identify all the resources this device uses.'
17 = 'This device is asking for an unknown resource type.'
18 = 'Reinstall the drivers for this device.'
19 = 'Failure using the VxD loader.'
20 = 'Your registry might be corrupted.'
21 = 'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that does not work, see your hardware documentation. Windows is removing this device.'
22 = 'This device is disabled.'
23 = 'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that doesn''t work, see your hardware documentation.'
24 = 'This device is not present, is not working properly, or does not have all its drivers installed.'
25 = 'Windows is still setting up this device.'
26 = 'Windows is still setting up this device.'
27 = 'This device does not have valid log configuration.'
28 = 'The drivers for this device are not installed.'
29 = 'This device is disabled because the firmware of the device did not give it the required resources.'
30 = 'This device is using an Interrupt Request (IRQ) resource that another device is using.'
31 = 'This device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device.'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ConfigManagerErrorCode", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ConfigManagerErrorCode = @{
Name = 'ConfigManagerErrorCode'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ConfigManagerErrorCode
$ConfigManagerErrorCode_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "ConfigManagerErrorCode". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $ConfigManagerErrorCode:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $ConfigManagerErrorCode
# ...or dump content of property ConfigManagerErrorCode:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $ConfigManagerErrorCode |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty ConfigManagerErrorCode
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $ConfigManagerErrorCode_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ConfigManagerErrorCode_map = @{
0 = 'This device is working properly.'
1 = 'This device is not configured correctly.'
2 = 'Windows cannot load the driver for this device.'
3 = 'The driver for this device might be corrupted, or your system may be running low on memory or other resources.'
4 = 'This device is not working properly. One of its drivers or your registry might be corrupted.'
5 = 'The driver for this device needs a resource that Windows cannot manage.'
6 = 'The boot configuration for this device conflicts with other devices.'
7 = 'Cannot filter.'
8 = 'The driver loader for the device is missing.'
9 = 'This device is not working properly because the controlling firmware is reporting the resources for the device incorrectly.'
10 = 'This device cannot start.'
11 = 'This device failed.'
12 = 'This device cannot find enough free resources that it can use.'
13 = 'Windows cannot verify this device''s resources.'
14 = 'This device cannot work properly until you restart your computer.'
15 = 'This device is not working properly because there is probably a re-enumeration problem.'
16 = 'Windows cannot identify all the resources this device uses.'
17 = 'This device is asking for an unknown resource type.'
18 = 'Reinstall the drivers for this device.'
19 = 'Failure using the VxD loader.'
20 = 'Your registry might be corrupted.'
21 = 'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that does not work, see your hardware documentation. Windows is removing this device.'
22 = 'This device is disabled.'
23 = 'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that doesn''t work, see your hardware documentation.'
24 = 'This device is not present, is not working properly, or does not have all its drivers installed.'
25 = 'Windows is still setting up this device.'
26 = 'Windows is still setting up this device.'
27 = 'This device does not have valid log configuration.'
28 = 'The drivers for this device are not installed.'
29 = 'This device is disabled because the firmware of the device did not give it the required resources.'
30 = 'This device is using an Interrupt Request (IRQ) resource that another device is using.'
31 = 'This device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device.'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.ConfigManagerErrorCode
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $ConfigManagerErrorCode_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "ConfigManagerErrorCode" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "ConfigManagerErrorCode", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ConfigManagerErrorCode", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ConfigManagerErrorCode = @{
Name = 'ConfigManagerErrorCode'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ConfigManagerErrorCode
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'This device is working properly.'}
1 {'This device is not configured correctly.'}
2 {'Windows cannot load the driver for this device.'}
3 {'The driver for this device might be corrupted, or your system may be running low on memory or other resources.'}
4 {'This device is not working properly. One of its drivers or your registry might be corrupted.'}
5 {'The driver for this device needs a resource that Windows cannot manage.'}
6 {'The boot configuration for this device conflicts with other devices.'}
7 {'Cannot filter.'}
8 {'The driver loader for the device is missing.'}
9 {'This device is not working properly because the controlling firmware is reporting the resources for the device incorrectly.'}
10 {'This device cannot start.'}
11 {'This device failed.'}
12 {'This device cannot find enough free resources that it can use.'}
13 {'Windows cannot verify this device''s resources.'}
14 {'This device cannot work properly until you restart your computer.'}
15 {'This device is not working properly because there is probably a re-enumeration problem.'}
16 {'Windows cannot identify all the resources this device uses.'}
17 {'This device is asking for an unknown resource type.'}
18 {'Reinstall the drivers for this device.'}
19 {'Failure using the VxD loader.'}
20 {'Your registry might be corrupted.'}
21 {'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that does not work, see your hardware documentation. Windows is removing this device.'}
22 {'This device is disabled.'}
23 {'System failure: Try changing the driver for this device. If that doesn''t work, see your hardware documentation.'}
24 {'This device is not present, is not working properly, or does not have all its drivers installed.'}
25 {'Windows is still setting up this device.'}
26 {'Windows is still setting up this device.'}
27 {'This device does not have valid log configuration.'}
28 {'The drivers for this device are not installed.'}
29 {'This device is disabled because the firmware of the device did not give it the required resources.'}
30 {'This device is using an Interrupt Request (IRQ) resource that another device is using.'}
31 {'This device is not working properly because Windows cannot load the drivers required for this device.'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "ConfigManagerErrorCode". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $ConfigManagerErrorCode:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $ConfigManagerErrorCode
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumConfigManagerErrorCode
{
This_device_is_working_properly = 0
This_device_is_not_configured_correctly = 1
Windows_cannot_load_the_driver_for_this_device = 2
The_driver_for_this_device_might_be_corrupted_or_your_system_may_be_running_low_on_memory_or_other_resources = 3
This_device_is_not_working_properly_One_of_its_drivers_or_your_registry_might_be_corrupted = 4
The_driver_for_this_device_needs_a_resource_that_Windows_cannot_manage = 5
The_boot_configuration_for_this_device_conflicts_with_other_devices = 6
Cannot_filter = 7
The_driver_loader_for_the_device_is_missing = 8
This_device_is_not_working_properly_because_the_controlling_firmware_is_reporting_the_resources_for_the_device_incorrectly = 9
This_device_cannot_start = 10
This_device_failed = 11
This_device_cannot_find_enough_free_resources_that_it_can_use = 12
Windows_cannot_verify_this_devices_resources = 13
This_device_cannot_work_properly_until_you_restart_your_computer = 14
This_device_is_not_working_properly_because_there_is_probably_a_re_enumeration_problem = 15
Windows_cannot_identify_all_the_resources_this_device_uses = 16
This_device_is_asking_for_an_unknown_resource_type = 17
Reinstall_the_drivers_for_this_device = 18
Failure_using_the_VxD_loader = 19
Your_registry_might_be_corrupted = 20
System_failure_Try_changing_the_driver_for_this_device_If_that_does_not_work_see_your_hardware_documentation_Windows_is_removing_this_device = 21
This_device_is_disabled = 22
System_failure_Try_changing_the_driver_for_this_device_If_that_doesnt_work_see_your_hardware_documentation = 23
This_device_is_not_present_is_not_working_properly_or_does_not_have_all_its_drivers_installed = 24
Windows_is_still_setting_up_this_device1 = 25
Windows_is_still_setting_up_this_device2 = 26
This_device_does_not_have_valid_log_configuration = 27
The_drivers_for_this_device_are_not_installed = 28
This_device_is_disabled_because_the_firmware_of_the_device_did_not_give_it_the_required_resources = 29
This_device_is_using_an_Interrupt_Request_IRQ_resource_that_another_device_is_using = 30
This_device_is_not_working_properly_because_Windows_cannot_load_the_drivers_required_for_this_device = 31
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.ConfigManagerErrorCode
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **ConfigManagerErrorCode**
[EnumConfigManagerErrorCode]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumConfigManagerErrorCode]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumConfigManagerErrorCode]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If ConfigManagerErrorCode returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
ConfigManagerUserConfig
If True, the device is using a user-defined configuration.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ConfigManagerUserConfig
CorrectableError
If True, the most recent error was correctable. This property is not used if ErrorInfo is set to 3.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, CorrectableError
CreationClassName
Name of the first concrete class to appear in the inheritance chain used in the creation of an instance. When used with the other key properties of the class, the property allows all instances of this class and its subclasses to be uniquely identified.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, CreationClassName
Description
Description of the object.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, Description
DeviceID
Unique identifier of the memory device.
Example: “Memory Device 1”
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID
EndingAddress
Ending address referenced by an application or operating system. This memory address is mapped by a memory controller for this memory object.
For more information about using uint64 values in scripts, see Scripting in WMI.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, EndingAddress
ErrorAccess
Type of memory access operation that caused the last error. This property is valid only when ErrorInfo is not set to 3.
ErrorAccess returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$ErrorAccess_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Read'
4 = 'Write'
5 = 'Partial Write'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Read'}
4 {'Write'}
5 {'Partial Write'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumErrorAccess
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
Read = 3
Write = 4
Partial_Write = 5
}
Examples
Use $ErrorAccess_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "ErrorAccess" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorAccess", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "ErrorAccess"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorAccess_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Read'
4 = 'Write'
5 = 'Partial Write'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorAccess", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorAccess = @{
Name = 'ErrorAccess'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorAccess
$ErrorAccess_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "ErrorAccess". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $ErrorAccess:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorAccess
# ...or dump content of property ErrorAccess:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $ErrorAccess |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty ErrorAccess
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $ErrorAccess_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorAccess_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Read'
4 = 'Write'
5 = 'Partial Write'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorAccess
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $ErrorAccess_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "ErrorAccess" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorAccess", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorAccess", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorAccess = @{
Name = 'ErrorAccess'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorAccess
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Read'}
4 {'Write'}
5 {'Partial Write'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "ErrorAccess". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $ErrorAccess:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorAccess
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumErrorAccess
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
Read = 3
Write = 4
Partial_Write = 5
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorAccess
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **ErrorAccess**
[EnumErrorAccess]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumErrorAccess]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumErrorAccess]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If ErrorAccess returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
ErrorAddress
Address of the last memory error. This property is used only when ErrorInfo is not set to 3.
For more information about using uint64 values in scripts, see Scripting in WMI.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorAddress
ErrorCleared
If True, the error reported in LastErrorCode is now cleared.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorCleared
ErrorData
Array of data captured from the last memory access with an error. The data occupies the first n octets of the array necessary to hold the number of bits specified by the ErrorTransferSize property. If ErrorTransferSize is 0 (zero), then this property is not used.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorData
ErrorDataOrder
Ordering for data stored in the ErrorData property. This property is used only when ErrorTransferSize is 0 (zero).
ErrorDataOrder returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$ErrorDataOrder_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Least Significant Byte First'
2 = 'Most Significant Byte First'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'Unknown'}
1 {'Least Significant Byte First'}
2 {'Most Significant Byte First'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumErrorDataOrder
{
Unknown = 0
Least_Significant_Byte_First = 1
Most_Significant_Byte_First = 2
}
Examples
Use $ErrorDataOrder_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "ErrorDataOrder" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorDataOrder", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "ErrorDataOrder"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorDataOrder_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Least Significant Byte First'
2 = 'Most Significant Byte First'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorDataOrder", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorDataOrder = @{
Name = 'ErrorDataOrder'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorDataOrder
$ErrorDataOrder_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "ErrorDataOrder". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $ErrorDataOrder:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorDataOrder
# ...or dump content of property ErrorDataOrder:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $ErrorDataOrder |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty ErrorDataOrder
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $ErrorDataOrder_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorDataOrder_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Least Significant Byte First'
2 = 'Most Significant Byte First'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorDataOrder
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $ErrorDataOrder_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "ErrorDataOrder" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorDataOrder", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorDataOrder", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorDataOrder = @{
Name = 'ErrorDataOrder'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorDataOrder
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'Unknown'}
1 {'Least Significant Byte First'}
2 {'Most Significant Byte First'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "ErrorDataOrder". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $ErrorDataOrder:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorDataOrder
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumErrorDataOrder
{
Unknown = 0
Least_Significant_Byte_First = 1
Most_Significant_Byte_First = 2
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorDataOrder
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **ErrorDataOrder**
[EnumErrorDataOrder]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumErrorDataOrder]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumErrorDataOrder]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If ErrorDataOrder returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
ErrorDescription
More information about the error recorded in LastErrorCode, and information about any corrective actions that may be taken.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorDescription
ErrorGranularity
Level where the error can be resolved.
ErrorGranularity returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$ErrorGranularity_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Device level'
4 = 'Memory partition level'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Device level'}
4 {'Memory partition level'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumErrorGranularity
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
Device_level = 3
Memory_partition_level = 4
}
Examples
Use $ErrorGranularity_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "ErrorGranularity" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorGranularity", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "ErrorGranularity"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorGranularity_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Device level'
4 = 'Memory partition level'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorGranularity", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorGranularity = @{
Name = 'ErrorGranularity'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorGranularity
$ErrorGranularity_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "ErrorGranularity". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $ErrorGranularity:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorGranularity
# ...or dump content of property ErrorGranularity:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $ErrorGranularity |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty ErrorGranularity
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $ErrorGranularity_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorGranularity_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Device level'
4 = 'Memory partition level'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorGranularity
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $ErrorGranularity_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "ErrorGranularity" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorGranularity", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorGranularity", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorGranularity = @{
Name = 'ErrorGranularity'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorGranularity
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Device level'}
4 {'Memory partition level'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "ErrorGranularity". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $ErrorGranularity:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorGranularity
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumErrorGranularity
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
Device_level = 3
Memory_partition_level = 4
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorGranularity
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **ErrorGranularity**
[EnumErrorGranularity]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumErrorGranularity]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumErrorGranularity]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If ErrorGranularity returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
ErrorInfo
Type of error that occurred most recently. The values 12-14, indicating whether an error is correctable, are not used with this property, but this information is found in the CorrectableError property.
ErrorInfo returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$ErrorInfo_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'OK'
4 = 'Bad Read'
5 = 'Parity Error'
6 = 'Single-Bit Error'
7 = 'Double-Bit Error'
8 = 'Multi-Bit Error'
9 = 'Nibble Error'
10 = 'Checksum Error'
11 = 'CRC Error'
12 = 'Corrected single-bit error'
13 = 'Corrected error'
14 = 'Uncorrectable error'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'OK'}
4 {'Bad Read'}
5 {'Parity Error'}
6 {'Single-Bit Error'}
7 {'Double-Bit Error'}
8 {'Multi-Bit Error'}
9 {'Nibble Error'}
10 {'Checksum Error'}
11 {'CRC Error'}
12 {'Corrected single-bit error'}
13 {'Corrected error'}
14 {'Uncorrectable error'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumErrorInfo
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
OK = 3
Bad_Read = 4
Parity_Error = 5
Single_Bit_Error = 6
Double_Bit_Error = 7
Multi_Bit_Error = 8
Nibble_Error = 9
Checksum_Error = 10
CRC_Error = 11
Corrected_single_bit_error = 12
Corrected_error = 13
Uncorrectable_error = 14
}
Examples
Use $ErrorInfo_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "ErrorInfo" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorInfo", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "ErrorInfo"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorInfo_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'OK'
4 = 'Bad Read'
5 = 'Parity Error'
6 = 'Single-Bit Error'
7 = 'Double-Bit Error'
8 = 'Multi-Bit Error'
9 = 'Nibble Error'
10 = 'Checksum Error'
11 = 'CRC Error'
12 = 'Corrected single-bit error'
13 = 'Corrected error'
14 = 'Uncorrectable error'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorInfo", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorInfo = @{
Name = 'ErrorInfo'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorInfo
$ErrorInfo_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "ErrorInfo". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $ErrorInfo:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorInfo
# ...or dump content of property ErrorInfo:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $ErrorInfo |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty ErrorInfo
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $ErrorInfo_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$ErrorInfo_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'OK'
4 = 'Bad Read'
5 = 'Parity Error'
6 = 'Single-Bit Error'
7 = 'Double-Bit Error'
8 = 'Multi-Bit Error'
9 = 'Nibble Error'
10 = 'Checksum Error'
11 = 'CRC Error'
12 = 'Corrected single-bit error'
13 = 'Corrected error'
14 = 'Uncorrectable error'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorInfo
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $ErrorInfo_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "ErrorInfo" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "ErrorInfo", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "ErrorInfo", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$ErrorInfo = @{
Name = 'ErrorInfo'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.ErrorInfo
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'OK'}
4 {'Bad Read'}
5 {'Parity Error'}
6 {'Single-Bit Error'}
7 {'Double-Bit Error'}
8 {'Multi-Bit Error'}
9 {'Nibble Error'}
10 {'Checksum Error'}
11 {'CRC Error'}
12 {'Corrected single-bit error'}
13 {'Corrected error'}
14 {'Uncorrectable error'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "ErrorInfo". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $ErrorInfo:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $ErrorInfo
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumErrorInfo
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
OK = 3
Bad_Read = 4
Parity_Error = 5
Single_Bit_Error = 6
Double_Bit_Error = 7
Multi_Bit_Error = 8
Nibble_Error = 9
Checksum_Error = 10
CRC_Error = 11
Corrected_single_bit_error = 12
Corrected_error = 13
Uncorrectable_error = 14
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.ErrorInfo
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **ErrorInfo**
[EnumErrorInfo]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumErrorInfo]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumErrorInfo]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If ErrorInfo returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
ErrorMethodology
Types of error checking used by the memory hardware.
The values are:
Other (“Other”)
Unknown (“Unknown”)
Parity (“Parity”)
Single-bit ECC (“Single-bit ECC”)
Multi-bit ECC (“Multi-bit ECC”)
None (“None”)
CRC (“CRC”)
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorMethodology
ErrorResolution
Amount of data actually determined to cause the error. This property is unused when the ErrorInfo property is set to 3.
For more information about using uint64 values in scripts, see Scripting in WMI.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorResolution
ErrorTime
Time that the last memory error occurred. This property is valid only when ErrorInfo is not set to 3.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorTime
ErrorTransferSize
Size of the data (containing the last error) being transferred. This property is set to 0 (zero) if there is no error.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, ErrorTransferSize
InstallDate
Date and time the object was installed. This property does not need a value to indicate that the object is installed.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, InstallDate
LastErrorCode
Last error code reported by the logical device.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, LastErrorCode
Name
Label by which the object is known. When subclassed, the property can be overridden to be a key property.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, Name
NumberOfBlocks
Total number of consecutive blocks, each block the size of the value contained in the BlockSize property, which form this storage extent. Total size of the storage extent can be calculated by multiplying the value of the BlockSize property by the value of this property. If the value of BlockSize is 1, this property is the total size of the storage extent.
For more information about using uint64 values in scripts, see Scripting in WMI.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, NumberOfBlocks
OtherErrorDescription
More information when the ErrorInfo property is set to 1.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, OtherErrorDescription
PNPDeviceID
Windows Plug and Play device identifier of the logical device.
Example: “*PNP030b”
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, PNPDeviceID
PowerManagementCapabilities
Array of the specific power-related capabilities of a logical device.
PowerManagementCapabilities returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$PowerManagementCapabilities_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Not Supported'
2 = 'Disabled'
3 = 'Enabled'
4 = 'Power Saving Modes Entered Automatically'
5 = 'Power State Settable'
6 = 'Power Cycling Supported'
7 = 'Timed Power On Supported'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'Unknown'}
1 {'Not Supported'}
2 {'Disabled'}
3 {'Enabled'}
4 {'Power Saving Modes Entered Automatically'}
5 {'Power State Settable'}
6 {'Power Cycling Supported'}
7 {'Timed Power On Supported'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumPowerManagementCapabilities
{
Unknown = 0
Not_Supported = 1
Disabled = 2
Enabled = 3
Power_Saving_Modes_Entered_Automatically = 4
Power_State_Settable = 5
Power_Cycling_Supported = 6
Timed_Power_On_Supported = 7
}
Examples
Use $PowerManagementCapabilities_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "PowerManagementCapabilities" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "PowerManagementCapabilities", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "PowerManagementCapabilities"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$PowerManagementCapabilities_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Not Supported'
2 = 'Disabled'
3 = 'Enabled'
4 = 'Power Saving Modes Entered Automatically'
5 = 'Power State Settable'
6 = 'Power Cycling Supported'
7 = 'Timed Power On Supported'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "PowerManagementCapabilities", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$PowerManagementCapabilities = @{
Name = 'PowerManagementCapabilities'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$result = foreach($value in $_.PowerManagementCapabilities)
{
# important: convert original value to [int] because
# hashtable keys are type-aware:
$PowerManagementCapabilities_map[[int]$value]
}
# uncomment to get a comma-separated string instead
# of a string array:
$result <#-join ', '#>
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "PowerManagementCapabilities". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $PowerManagementCapabilities:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $PowerManagementCapabilities
# ...or dump content of property PowerManagementCapabilities:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $PowerManagementCapabilities |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty PowerManagementCapabilities
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $PowerManagementCapabilities_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when there
is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$PowerManagementCapabilities_map = @{
0 = 'Unknown'
1 = 'Not Supported'
2 = 'Disabled'
3 = 'Enabled'
4 = 'Power Saving Modes Entered Automatically'
5 = 'Power State Settable'
6 = 'Power Cycling Supported'
7 = 'Timed Power On Supported'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property (hint: the property is an array!)
$rawValues = $instance.PowerManagementCapabilities
# translate all raw values into friendly names:
$friendlyNames = foreach($rawValue in $rawValues)
{ $PowerManagementCapabilities_map[[int]$rawValue] }
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "PowerManagementCapabilities" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "PowerManagementCapabilities", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "PowerManagementCapabilities", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$PowerManagementCapabilities = @{
Name = 'PowerManagementCapabilities'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$result = foreach($value in $_.PowerManagementCapabilities)
{
switch([int]$value)
{
0 {'Unknown'}
1 {'Not Supported'}
2 {'Disabled'}
3 {'Enabled'}
4 {'Power Saving Modes Entered Automatically'}
5 {'Power State Settable'}
6 {'Power Cycling Supported'}
7 {'Timed Power On Supported'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
$result
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "PowerManagementCapabilities". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $PowerManagementCapabilities:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $PowerManagementCapabilities
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumPowerManagementCapabilities
{
Unknown = 0
Not_Supported = 1
Disabled = 2
Enabled = 3
Power_Saving_Modes_Entered_Automatically = 4
Power_State_Settable = 5
Power_Cycling_Supported = 6
Timed_Power_On_Supported = 7
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.PowerManagementCapabilities
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **PowerManagementCapabilities**
[EnumPowerManagementCapabilities[]]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumPowerManagementCapabilities[]]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumPowerManagementCapabilities[]]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If PowerManagementCapabilities returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
PowerManagementSupported
If True, the device can be power-managed (can be put into suspend mode, and so on). The property does not indicate that power management features are currently enabled, only that the logical device is capable of power management.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, PowerManagementSupported
Purpose
Free-form string describing the media and its use.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, Purpose
StartingAddress
Beginning address referenced by an application or the operating system. This memory address is mapped by a memory controller for this memory object.
For more information about using uint64 values in scripts, see Scripting in WMI.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, StartingAddress
Status
Current status of an object. Various operational and nonoperational statuses can be defined. Available values:
$values = 'Degraded','Error','Lost Comm','No Contact','NonRecover','OK','Pred Fail','Service','Starting','Stopping','Stressed','Unknown'
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, Status
StatusInfo
State of the logical device. If this property does not apply to the logical device, the value 5 (Not Applicable) should be used.
StatusInfo returns a numeric value. To translate it into a meaningful text, use any of the following approaches:
Use a PowerShell Hashtable
$StatusInfo_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Enabled'
4 = 'Disabled'
5 = 'Not Applicable'
}
Use a switch statement
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Enabled'}
4 {'Disabled'}
5 {'Not Applicable'}
default {"$value"}
}
Use Enum structure
Enum EnumStatusInfo
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
Enabled = 3
Disabled = 4
Not_Applicable = 5
}
Examples
Use $StatusInfo_map in a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a hashtable to translate raw numeric values for
property "StatusInfo" to friendly text
Note: to use other properties than "StatusInfo", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "StatusInfo"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$StatusInfo_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Enabled'
4 = 'Disabled'
5 = 'Not Applicable'
}
#endregion define hashtable
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "StatusInfo", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$StatusInfo = @{
Name = 'StatusInfo'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.StatusInfo
$StatusInfo_map[[int]$value]
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve the instances, and output the properties "Caption" and "StatusInfo". The latter
# is defined by the hashtable in $StatusInfo:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property Caption, $StatusInfo
# ...or dump content of property StatusInfo:
$friendlyValues = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice |
Select-Object -Property $StatusInfo |
Select-Object -ExpandProperty StatusInfo
# output values
$friendlyValues
# output values as comma separated list
$friendlyValues -join ', '
# output values as bullet list
$friendlyValues | ForEach-Object { "- $_" }
Use $StatusInfo_map to directly translate raw values from an instance
<#
this example uses a hashtable to manually translate raw numeric values
for property "Win32_MemoryDevice" to friendly text. This approach is ideal when
there is just one instance to work with.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
translation hashtable for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define hashtable to translate raw values to friendly text
# Please note: this hashtable is specific for property "Win32_MemoryDevice"
# to translate other properties, use their translation table instead
$StatusInfo_map = @{
1 = 'Other'
2 = 'Unknown'
3 = 'Enabled'
4 = 'Disabled'
5 = 'Not Applicable'
}
#endregion define hashtable
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to illustrate
the number-to-text translation. To process all instances, replace
"Select-Object -First 1" with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use
the iterator variable $_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property
$rawValue = $instance.StatusInfo
# translate raw value to friendly text:
$friendlyName = $StatusInfo_map[[int]$rawValue]
# output value
$friendlyName
Use a switch statement inside a calculated property for Select-Object
<#
this example uses a switch clause to translate raw numeric
values for property "StatusInfo" to friendly text. The switch
clause is embedded into a calculated property so there is
no need to refer to external variables for translation.
Note: to use other properties than "StatusInfo", look up the appropriate
translation switch clause for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define calculated property (to be used with Select-Object)
<#
a calculated property is defined by a hashtable with keys "Name" and "Expression"
"Name" defines the name of the property (in this example, it is "StatusInfo", but you can rename it to anything else)
"Expression" defines a scriptblock that calculates the content of this property
in this example, the scriptblock uses the hashtable defined earlier to translate each numeric
value to its friendly text counterpart:
#>
$StatusInfo = @{
Name = 'StatusInfo'
Expression = {
# property is an array, so process all values
$value = $_.StatusInfo
switch([int]$value)
{
1 {'Other'}
2 {'Unknown'}
3 {'Enabled'}
4 {'Disabled'}
5 {'Not Applicable'}
default {"$value"}
}
}
}
#endregion define calculated property
# retrieve all instances...
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice |
# ...and output properties "Caption" and "StatusInfo". The latter is defined
# by the hashtable in $StatusInfo:
Select-Object -Property Caption, $StatusInfo
Use the Enum from above to auto-translate the code values
<#
this example translates raw values by means of type conversion
the friendly names are defined as enumeration using the
keyword "enum" (PowerShell 5 or better)
The raw value(s) are translated to friendly text by
simply converting them into the enum type.
Note: to use other properties than "Win32_MemoryDevice", look up the appropriate
enum definition for the property you would like to use instead.
#>
#region define enum with value-to-text translation:
Enum EnumStatusInfo
{
Other = 1
Unknown = 2
Enabled = 3
Disabled = 4
Not_Applicable = 5
}
#endregion define enum
# get one instance:
$instance = Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -First 1
<#
IMPORTANT: this example processes only one instance to focus on
the number-to-text type conversion.
To process all instances, replace "Select-Object -First 1"
with a "Foreach-Object" loop, and use the iterator variable
$_ instead of $instance
#>
# query the property:
$rawValue = $instance.StatusInfo
#region using strict type conversion
<#
Note: strict type conversion fails if the raw value is
not defined by the enum. So if the list of allowable values
was extended and the enum does not match the value,
an exception is thrown
#>
# convert the property to the enum **StatusInfo**
[EnumStatusInfo]$rawValue
# get a comma-separated string:
[EnumStatusInfo]$rawValue -join ','
#endregion
#region using operator "-as"
<#
Note: the operator "-as" accepts values not defined
by the enum and returns $null instead of throwing
an exception
#>
$rawValue -as [EnumStatusInfo]
#endregion
Enums must cover all possible values. If StatusInfo returns a value that is not defined in the enum, an exception occurs. The exception reports the value that was missing in the enum. To fix, add the missing value to the enum.
SystemCreationClassName
Value of the scoping computer’s CreationClassName property.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, SystemCreationClassName
SystemLevelAddress
If True, the address information in the ErrorAddress property is a system-level address. If FALSE, it is a physical address. This property is used only when ErrorInfo is not set to 3.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, SystemLevelAddress
SystemName
Name of the scoping system.
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property DeviceID, SystemName
Examples
List all instances of Win32_MemoryDevice
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice
Learn more about Get-CimInstance and the deprecated Get-WmiObject.
View all properties
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice -Property *
View key properties only
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice -KeyOnly
Selecting Properties
To select only some properties, pipe the results to Select-Object -Property a,b,c with a comma-separated list of the properties you require. Wildcards are permitted.
Get-CimInstance always returns all properties but only retrieves the ones that you specify. All other properties are empty but still present. That’s why you need to pipe the results into Select-Object if you want to limit the visible properties, i.e. for reporting.
Selecting Properties
The code below lists all available properties. Remove the ones you do not need:
$properties = 'Access',
'AdditionalErrorData',
'Availability',
'BlockSize',
'Caption',
'ConfigManagerErrorCode',
'ConfigManagerUserConfig',
'CorrectableError',
'CreationClassName',
'Description',
'DeviceID',
'EndingAddress',
'ErrorAccess',
'ErrorAddress',
'ErrorCleared',
'ErrorData',
'ErrorDataOrder',
'ErrorDescription',
'ErrorGranularity',
'ErrorInfo',
'ErrorMethodology',
'ErrorResolution',
'ErrorTime',
'ErrorTransferSize',
'InstallDate',
'LastErrorCode',
'Name',
'NumberOfBlocks',
'OtherErrorDescription',
'PNPDeviceID',
'PowerManagementCapabilities',
'PowerManagementSupported',
'Purpose',
'StartingAddress',
'Status',
'StatusInfo',
'SystemCreationClassName',
'SystemLevelAddress',
'SystemName'
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice | Select-Object -Property $properties
Limiting Network Bandwidth
If you work remotely, it makes sense to limit network bandwidth by filtering the properties on the server side, too:
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice -Property $property |
Select-Object -Property $property
Selecting Instances
To select some instances, use Get-CimInstance and a WMI Query. The wildcard character in WMI Queries is % (and not “*”).
The parameter -Filter runs a simple query.
Listing all instances where the property Caption starts with “A”
Get-CimInstance -Class Win32_MemoryDevice -Filter 'Caption LIKE "a%"'
Using a WQL Query
The parameter -Query uses a query similar to SQL and combines the parameters -Filter and -Property. This returns all instances where the property Caption starts with “A”, and returns the properties specified:
Get-CimInstance -Query "SELECT PNPDeviceID, PowerManagementSupported, SystemName, ErrorTransferSize FROM Win32_MemoryDevice WHERE Caption LIKE 'a%'"
Any property you did not specify is still present but empty. You might need to use
Select-Objectto remove all unwanted properties:Get-CimInstance -Query "SELECT PNPDeviceID, PowerManagementSupported, SystemName, ErrorTransferSize FROM Win32_MemoryDevice WHERE Caption LIKE 'a%'" | Select-Object -Property PNPDeviceID, PowerManagementSupported, SystemName, ErrorTransferSize
Accessing Remote Computers
To access remote systems, you need to have proper permissions. User the parameter -ComputerName to access one or more remote systems.
Authenticating as Current User
# one or more computer names or IP addresses:
$list = 'server1', 'server2'
# authenticate with your current identity:
$result = Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_MemoryDevice -ComputerName $list
$result
Authenticating as Different User
Use a CIMSession object to authenticate with a new identity:
# one or more computer names or IP addresses:
$list = 'server1', 'server2'
# authenticate with a different identity:
$cred = Get-Credential -Message 'Authenticate to retrieve WMI information:'
$session = New-CimSession -ComputerName $list -Credential $cred
$result = Get-CimInstance Win32_MemoryDevice -CimSession $session
# remove the session after use (if you do not plan to re-use it later)
Remove-CimSession -CimSession $session
$result
Learn more about accessing remote computers.
Requirements
To use Win32_MemoryDevice, the following requirements apply:
PowerShell
Get-CimInstance was introduced with PowerShell Version 3.0, which in turn was introduced on clients with Windows 8 and on servers with Windows Server 2012.
If necessary, update Windows PowerShell to Windows PowerShell 5.1, or install PowerShell 7 side-by-side.
Operating System
Win32_MemoryDevice was introduced on clients with Windows Vista and on servers with Windows Server 2008.
Namespace
Win32_MemoryDevice lives in the Namespace Root/CIMV2. This is the default namespace. There is no need to use the -Namespace parameter in Get-CimInstance.
Implementation
Win32_MemoryDevice is implemented in CIMWin32.dll and defined in CIMWin32.mof. Both files are located in the folder C:\Windows\system32\wbem:
explorer $env:windir\system32\wbem
notepad $env:windir\system32\wbem\CIMWin32.mof
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